Nhasi, pfungwa inozivikanwa sePRP yakatanga kuonekwa mumunda wehematology muma1970.Hematologists vakagadzira izwi rekuti PRP makumi emakore apfuura kurondedzera plasma yakawanikwa kubva muhuwandu hweplatelet yakakwirira kupfuura kukosha kweropa reperipheral.Anopfuura makore gumi gare gare, PRP yakashandiswa mukuvhiya maxillofacial sechimiro cheplatelet rich fibrin (PRF).Izvo zviri mufibrin mune iyi PRP derivative ine kukosha kwakakosha nekuda kwekunamatira kwayo uye yakatsiga-mamiriro maitiro, nepo PRP yakatsigira anti-anopisa maitiro uye inokurudzira kupararira kwesero.Pakupedzisira, kuma1990, PRP yakatanga kuve yakakurumbira.Pakupedzisira, teknolojia iyi yakaendeswa kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzokurapa.Kubva ipapo, rudzi urwu rwebiology yakanaka yakave ichidzidzwa zvakanyanya uye yakashandiswa pakurapa kwakasiyana-siyana musculoskeletal kukuvara kwevatambi vehunyanzvi, izvo zvakawedzera kukurudzira kutarisisa kwayo kwakapararira munhau.Mukuwedzera pakubudirira mune zvemapfupa uye mishonga yemitambo, PRP inoshandiswawo mune ophthalmology, gynecology, urology uye cardiology, pediatrics uye kuvhiyiwa kwepurasitiki.Mumakore achangopfuura, PRP yakarumbidzwawo nedermatologists nokuda kwekugona kwayo mukurapa maronda eganda, kugadziriswa kwevanga, kuvandudzwa kwetishu, kuvandudzwa kweganda uye kunyange kurasikirwa kwebvudzi.
Tichifunga nezve chokwadi chekuti PRP inogona kushandura zvakananga maitiro ekuporesa uye ekuzvimba, zvinodikanwa kuunza iyo yekuporesa cascade sereferensi.Kupora kunokamurwa kuita matanho mana anotevera: hemostasis;Kuzvimba;Kuwedzera kwesero uye matrix, uye pakupedzisira kugadzirisa maronda.
Tissue Healing
The tissue healing cascade reaction is activated, izvo zvinotungamirira ku platelet aggregation.Zvadaro, maplatelet anonamira kune yakafumurwa collagen uye ECM protein, zvichikonzera kuburitswa kwebioactive mamorekuru aripo mu-granules.Platelets ane zvakasiyana-siyana zvebioactive molecules, kusanganisira kukura zvinhu, chemotherapy factor uye cytokines, pamwe chete neproinflammatory mediators, zvakadai se prostaglandin, prostate cyclin, histamine, thromboxane, serotonin uye bradykinin.
Nhanho yekupedzisira yekupora kunoenderana nekugadziriswa kweronda.Kugadziriswa kwetissue kunodzorwa zvakanyanya kuti pave nechiyero pakati pevanabolic uye catabolic reactions.Panguva ino, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) uye kushandura kukura kwechikonzero (TGF- β) Fibronectin uye fibronectin inokurudzira kuwedzera uye kutama kwe fibroblasts, pamwe chete nekugadzirwa kwezvikamu zveECM.Zvisinei, nguva yekukura kwemaronda inotsamira pamwero mukuru pakuoma kweronda, hunhu hwomunhu oga uye kugona kupora chaiko kwenyama yakakuvadzwa.Zvimwe pathophysiological uye metabolic zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa maitiro ekuporesa, senge tishu ischemia, hypoxia, kutapukira, kukura chinhu kusaenzana, uye kunyange metabolic syndrome ine hukama nezvirwere.
Iyo proinflammatory microenvironment inokanganisa maitiro ekuporesa.Zvakanyanya kuomesesa ndezvekuti basa repamusoro reprotease rinodzivirira chiitiko chechisikigo chekukura chinhu (GF).Pamusoro peiyo mitotic, angiogenic uye chemotactic zvivakwa, PRP zvakare inopfuma sosi yezvinhu zvakawanda zvinokura.Aya ma biomolecules anogona kurwisa zvinokuvadza mumatishu ekuzvimba nekudzora kuwedzera kuzvimba uye nekumisikidza anabolic stimuli.Tichifunga nezvemaitiro aya, vaongorori vanogona kuwana mukana mukuru mukurapa kwakasiyana kukuvara kwakaoma.
Zvirwere zvakawanda, kunyanya izvo zvemusculoskeletal nature, zvinoenderana zvakanyanya nezvigadzirwa zvehupenyu zvinogadzirisa maitiro ekuzvimba, sePRP yekurapa osteoarthritis.Muchiitiko ichi, hutano hwe articular cartilage hunoenderana nekuenzanisa kwevanabolic uye catabolic reactions.Uine musimboti uyu mupfungwa, kushandiswa kwemamwe mabiological agents anogona kuratidza kubudirira mukuwana hutano hwakanaka.PRP nokuti inobudisa maplatelet α- Kukura kwezvinhu zviri mumagranules zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya kugadzirisa zvingaita zvekuchinja kwenyama, izvo zvinoderedzawo marwadzo.Muchokwadi, chimwe chezvinangwa zvikuru zvePRP kurapwa ndeyekumisa iyo huru yekuzvimba uye catabolic microenvironment uye kukurudzira shanduko kune anti-anopisa zvinodhaka.Vamwe vanyori vakamboratidza kuti thrombin activated PRP inowedzera kuburitswa kweakawanda biological mamorekuru.Izvi zvinosanganisira hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) uye tumor necrosis factor (TNF- α) , Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF- β 1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) uye epidermis Growth factor (EGF).Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti PRP inokurudzira kuwedzera kwemhando yei collagen uye aggrecan mRNA mazinga, nekuderedza kuvharidzirwa kwepro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin - (IL) 1 pavari.Yakataurwawo kuti nekuda kweHGF uye TNF- α [28] PRP inogona kubatsira kugadzirisa anti-inflammatory effect.Zvose izvi kugadzirira kwema molecular kuderedza nuclear factor kappaB (NF- κВ) Anti activation basa uye kutaura;Chechipiri, kuburikidza neTGF- β 1 kutaura kunodzivirirawo monocyte chemotaxis, nokudaro inopesana neTNF- α Mhedzisiro pakushandura kwekemokines.HGF inoratidzika kunge ichiita basa rinokosha mukurwisa-kuzvimba mhedzisiro inokonzerwa nePRP.Iyi yakasimba anti-inflammatory cytokine inoparadza NF- κ B chiratidzo chenzira uye proinflammatory cytokine kutaura kunodzivisa kuvhiringidza kupindura.Mukuwedzera, PRP inogonawo kuderedza iyo yakakwirira ye nitric oxide (NO).Semuenzaniso, mune articular cartilage, kuwedzera kweNO kusungwa kwakaratidza kuti inhibit collagen synthesis uye induce chondrocyte apoptosis, apo ichiwedzera kuumbwa kwematrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), nekudaro ichikurudzira shanduko ye catabolism.Panyaya yekuderera kwesero, PRP inoonekwawo seyakakwanisa kushandura autophagy yemhando dzakasiyana dzemasero.Kana vasvika pakuchembera kwekupedzisira, mamwe mapoka emasero anorasikirwa nekugona kwechimiro uye kuzvivandudza.Nekudaro, zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi yapfuura zvakaratidza kuti kurapwa kwePRP kunogona kudzoreredza aya mamiriro anokuvadza.Moussa uye vaaishanda navo vakaratidza kuti PRP inogona kukurudzira kuchengetedzwa kwechondrocytes nekuwedzera autophagy uye anti-inflammatory markers, uku ichideredza apoptosis yemunhu osteoarthritis cartilage.Garcia Pratt et al.Zvinonzi autophagy inosarudza shanduko pakati pekuzorora uye kuchembera kuguma kwemhasuru stem masero.Vatsvagiri vanotenda kuti, mu vivo, iyo yakajairwa yeakabatanidzwa autophagy inodzivirira kuunganidzwa kwekukuvara kwe intracellular uye inodzivirira kuchembera uye kuderera kwekushanda kwemaseru satellite.Kunyangwe mukuchembera masero emasero emunhu, akadai seachangobva kuitika, Parrish naRodes vakaitawo mipiro yakakosha, vachiwedzera kuburitsa simba rinopesana nekuputika kwePRP.Panguva ino, chinangwa chiri pakudyidzana pakati pemaplatelet uye neutrophils.Mukuferefeta kwavo, vaongorori vakatsanangura kuti maplatelet akaburitswa akaburitswa nearachidonic acid akatorwa neutrophils uye akashandurwa kuita leukotrienes uye prostaglandin, ayo anozivikanwa mamorekuru ekuzvimba.Zvisinei, kupindirana kweplatelet neutrophil kunobvumira leukotriene kuti ishandurwe kuva lipoproteins, iyo yakaratidza kuva inobudirira anti-inflammatory protein inogona kuderedza kushandiswa kweutrophils uye kudzivirira dialysis, uye kukurudzira nhaka kusvika padanho rekupedzisira rekuporesa.
Iyo proinflammatory microenvironment inokanganisa maitiro ekuporesa.Zvakanyanya kuomesesa ndezvekuti basa repamusoro reprotease rinodzivirira chiitiko chechisikigo chekukura chinhu (GF).Pamusoro peiyo mitotic, angiogenic uye chemotactic zvivakwa, PRP zvakare inopfuma sosi yezvinhu zvakawanda zvinokura.Aya ma biomolecules anogona kurwisa zvinokuvadza mumatishu ekuzvimba nekudzora kuwedzera kuzvimba uye kumisikidza anabolic kukurudzira.
Sero Factor
MaCytokines muPRP anoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirisa maitiro ekugadzirisa matishu uye kugadzirisa kukuvara kwekuzvimba.Anti-inflammatory cytokines yakawanda yakawanda yebiochemical molecules iyo inopindirana nemhinduro yeproinflammatory cytokines, inonyanya kukonzerwa neyakagadzirwa macrophages.Anti-inflammatory cytokines inopindirana neiyo cytokine inhibitors uye soluble cytokine receptors kugadzirisa kuzvimba.Interleukin (IL) - 1 receptor antagonists, IL-4, IL-10, IL-11 uye IL-13 inorondedzerwa semishonga inopesana nekuputika, cytokines.Maererano nemhando dzakasiyana dzemaronda, mamwe ma cytokines, akadai se interferon, leukemia inhibitory factor, TGF- β Uye IL-6, iyo inogona kuratidza proinflammatory kana anti-inflammatory effects.TNF- α, IL-1 uye IL-18 vane mamwe cytokine receptors, izvo zvinogona kudzivisa proinflammatory effect yemamwe mapuroteni [37].IL-10 ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushanda e-anti-inflammatory cytokines, iyo inogona pasi kugadzirisa proinflammatory cytokines yakadai seIL-1, IL-6 uye TNF- α， Uye kumusoro gadzirisa zvinhu zvinopesana nekuputika.Aya anti regulatory maitiro anoita basa rakakosha mukugadzira uye basa reproinflammatory cytokines.Uye zvakare, mamwe macytokines anogona kukonzeresa mhinduro dzechiratidzo kukurudzira fibroblasts, iyo yakakosha pakugadzirisa matishu.Inflammatory cytokine TGF β 1, IL-1 β, IL-6, IL-13 uye IL-33 inokurudzira fibroblasts kuti iparadzanise mumyofibroblasts uye inovandudza ECM [38].Uyezve, fibroblasts inobudisa cytokine TGF- β, IL-1 β, IL-33, CXC uye CC chemokines inokurudzira kuputika kwechirwere kuburikidza nekuita uye kutora masero ekudzivirira zvirwere zvakadai semacrophages.Aya masero ekuputika anoita mabasa akawanda muronda, kunyanya nekusimudzira kubviswa kwemaronda - uye biosynthesis ye chemokines, metabolites uye kukura zvinhu, izvo zvakakosha pakuvaka patsva kwematishu matsva.Naizvozvo, ma cytokines muPRP anoita basa rakakosha mukukurudzira rudzi rwesero mediated immune immune uye kusimudzira kudzoreredzwa kwechikamu chekuzvimba.Kutaura zvazviri, vamwe vatsvakurudzi vakasarudza nzira iyi se "regenerative kuzvimba", zvichiratidza kuti danho rekuputika, pasinei nekuzvidya mwoyo kwemurwere, inhanho inokosha uye inokosha yekuguma kwekubudirira kwekugadzirisa matishu, tichifunga nezve epigenetic nzira iyo kuzvimba kunoratidza. kukurudzira cell plasticity.
Basa rema cytokines mukuzvimba kweganda re fetal rakakosha zvikuru kutsvagurudzo yemishonga yekuvandudza.Musiyano uripo pakati pekupodza kwe fetal nevakuru ndewekuti akakuvadzwa matishu e "fetus" dzimwe nguva anodzokera kumamiriro awo ekutanga zvichienderana nezera re "fetus" uye nemhando dzematishu akakodzera.Muvanhu, ganda re "fetus" rinogona kudzoka zvachose mukati memavhiki makumi maviri nemana, nepo muvanhu vakuru, kuporeswa kwemaronda kunogona kukonzera mavanga.Sezvatinoziva, kana tichienzaniswa neane hutano tishu, ma mechanic zvimiro zvemavanga mavanga akaderedzwa zvakanyanya, uye mabasa avo ane mashoma.Kunyanya kutariswa kunobhadharwa kune cytokine IL-10, iyo inowanikwa zvakanyanya kuratidzwa muamniotic fluid uye fetal ganda, uye yakaratidza kuti inobata basa mukugadziriswa kwemahara kweganda re fetal, inokurudzirwa neiyo pleiotropic mhedzisiro ye cytokine.ZgheibC et al.Kusimwa kweganda re "fetus" kuita transgenic knockout (KO) IL-10 mice uye mbeva dzekudzora dzakadzidzwa.IL-10KO mbeva dzakaratidza zviratidzo zvekuzvimba uye kuumbwa kwevanga zvakatenderedza magrafti, nepo ma grafts ari muboka rekutonga haana kuratidza shanduko yakakosha mubiomechanical zvivakwa uye pasina vanga kuporesa.
Kukosha kwekugadzirisa chiyero chakapfava pakati pekutaura kweanopesana nekuputika uye pro-inflammatory cytokines ndeyekuti iyo yekupedzisira, kana yawandisa, inozopedzisira yatumira masaini ekuderera kwesero nekudzikisa kutaura kwemamwe majini.Semuenzaniso, mune mishonga yemusculoskeletal, IL-1 β Down inoronga SOX9, iyo inokonzera kukura kwekarati.SOX9 inogadzira zvakakosha zvinyorwa zvekusimudzira cartilage, inogadzirisa mhando II collagen alpha 1 (Col2A1), uye ine basa re encoding type II collagen genes.IL-1 β Pakupedzisira, kutaura kweCol2A1 uye aggrecan kwakaderedzwa.Zvisinei, kurapwa nemishonga yeplatelet yakawanda yakaratidzwa kuti inhibit IL-1 β Ichiri mubatanidzwa unogoneka wemishonga yekudzorera kuchengetedza kutaura kwe collagen coding genes uye kuderedza apoptosis ye chondrocytes inokonzerwa neproinflammatory cytokines.
Anabolic stimulation: Pamusoro pekugadzirisa mamiriro ekuzvimba kwenyama yakakuvadzwa, ma cytokines muPRP anotorawo chikamu muvanabolic reaction nekutamba mabasa avo emitosis, kukwezva kemikari uye kuwanda.Ichi chidzidzo che in vitro chinotungamirwa naCavallo et al.Kudzidza migumisiro yePRPs yakasiyana-siyana pachondrocytes yevanhu.Vatsvakurudzi vakacherechedza kuti zvigadzirwa zvePRP zvine zvishoma zvishoma platelet uye leukocyte concentrations zvinokurudzira zvakajairika chondrocyte basa, izvo zvinobatsira mukusimudzira mamwe masero emagetsi evanabolic mhinduro.Semuenzaniso, kutaura kwemhando ii collagen uye kuunganidza glycans kwakaonekwa.Kusiyana neizvi, kuwanda kwakanyanya kwemaplatelet uye leukocyte kunoratidzika kunge kunokurudzira dzimwe nzira dzemaserura dzinosanganisira macytokines akasiyana.Vanyori vanoratidza kuti izvi zvinogona kunge zvakakonzerwa nekuvapo kwenhamba yakawanda yemasero machena eropa mune iyi chaiyo PRP yakagadzirwa.Aya maseru anoita seanokonzeresa kuwedzera kwekutaura kwezvimwe zvinhu zvinokura, seVEGF, FGF-b, uye interleukins IL-1b uye IL-6, izvo zvinogona kumutsa TIMP-1 uye IL-10.Mune mamwe mazwi, kana ichienzaniswa ne "yakaipa" PRP formula, musanganiswa wePRP wakapfuma mumaplatelet uye masero machena eropa anoita seanokurudzira kukanganiswa kwechondrocytes.
Chidzidzo chakagadzirwa naSchnabel et al.yakagadzirirwa kuongorora basa re autologous biomaterials mubhiza tendon tishu.Vanyori vakaunganidza ropa uye tendon samples kubva kumabhiza matanhatu echidiki (makore 2-4), uye akatarisa pakudzidza kwegene expression pattern, DNA uye collagen zvinyorwa zvetendon explants ye flexor digitorum superficialis yemabhiza akasimwa mukati ane PRP. kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinogadzirwa neropa.Tendon explants yakagadzirwa muropa, plasma, PRP, platelet deficient plasma (PPP) kana bone marrow aspirates (BMA), uye amino acids yakawedzerwa ku100%, 50% kana 10% serum isina DMEM.Mukufambisa iyo inoshandiswa biochemical analysis mushure…, vatsvakurudzi vakacherechedza kuti TGF- β Iko kuiswa kwePDGF-BB uye PDGF-1 muPRP yepakati kwaive kwakanyanya kudarika iyo yezvimwe zvinhu zvose zveropa zvakaedzwa.Mukuwedzera, tendon tissues yakagadzirwa mu 100% PRP yepakati yakaratidza kuwedzera kwemajini ekutaura kwe matrix mapuroteni COL1A1, COL3A1 uye COMP, asi haana kuwedzera catabolic enzymes MMPs3 uye 13. Zvishoma maererano nekugadzirisa tendon, iyi mu vivo kudzidza inotsigira kushandiswa kwe autolo - gouty blood product, kana PRP, yekurapa mammalian tendinitis yakakura.
Chen et al.Kugadziriswa kwePRP kwakakurukurwa zvakare.Muchikamu chavo chekare chezvidzidzo, vatsvakurudzi vakaratidza kuti, kunze kwekusimudzira kuumbwa kwecartilage, PRP yakakurudzirawo kuwedzera kweECM synthesis uye yakadzivisa kuvhiringidza kwekuputika kwe articular cartilage uye nucleus pulposus.PRP inogona kushandura TGF kuburikidza nephosphorylation yeSmad2 / 3- β Signal nzira inoita basa rinokosha mukukura kwesero uye kusiyanisa.Mukuwedzera, zvinotendwawo kuti fibrin clots yakaumbwa mushure mekushanda kwePRP inopa chimiro chakasimba chetatu-dimensional, zvichiita kuti masero akwanise kunamatira, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira pakuvakwa kwezvitsva zvitsva.
Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vakaita zvakakosha pakurapa maronda eganda asingagumi mumunda wedermatology.Izvi zvakakoshawo.Semuyenzaniso, tsvagiridzo yakaitwa naHessler naShyam muna 2019 inoratidza kuti PRP yakakosha senge inogoneka uye inoshanda imwe nzira yekurapa, nepo kurwisa zvinodhaka chisingaperi chironda chichiri kuunza mutoro wakakura wehupfumi kuhutano.Kunyanya, chirwere cheshuga chironda chetsoka idambudziko guru rinozivikanwa rehutano, rinoita kuti mitezo ive nyore kudimburwa.Chidzidzo chakaburitswa naAhmed et al.mu 2017 yakaratidza kuti autologous PRP gel inogona kukurudzira kuporesa kweronda kune varwere vane chirwere cheshuga chisingaperi chironda chetsoka nekusunungura zvakakosha kukura zvinhu, nokudaro kuvandudza zvakanyanya chiyero chekuporesa.Saizvozvo, Gonchar nevamwe vaaishanda navo vakaongorora uye vakakurukura nezvesimba rekuvandudza rePRP uye kukura factor cocktails mukuvandudza kurapwa kwechirwere cheshuga maronda etsoka.Vatsvakurudzi vakakurudzira kuti kushandiswa kwekukura kwezvinhu zvakasanganiswa zvingangove zvingaita mhinduro, iyo inogona kuvandudza zvakanakira kushandisa PRP uye imwe chete yekukura chinhu.Nokudaro, kana ichienzaniswa nekushandiswa kwechinhu chimwe chete chekukura, kusanganiswa kwePRP nedzimwe nzira dzokurapa dzinogona kukurudzira zvikuru kuporesa kwemaronda asingagumi.
Fibrin
Maplatelet anotakura zvinhu zvakati wandei zvine chekuita nefibrinolytic system, iyo inogona kukwira inodzora kana kudzika inodzora fibrinolytic reaction.Hukama hwenguva uye mupiro wehukama wezvikamu zvehematological uye kushanda kweplatelet mukuora kwegwaro richiri dambudziko rakakodzera kukurukurwa kwakadzama munharaunda.Zvinyorwa zvinounza zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvinongotarisa pamaplatelet, ayo ane mukurumbira nekugona kwavo kukanganisa maitiro ekuporesa.Pasinei nenhamba huru yezvidzidzo zvakatanhamara, zvimwe zvikamu zvehematological, senge coagulation factor uye fibrinolytic masisitimu, zvakawanikwa zvichibatsira zvakanyanya pakugadzirisa maronda.Netsanangudzo, fibrinolysis inzira yakaoma yebhayoloji zvinoenderana nekushandiswa kwemamwe ma enzymes kukurudzira kuderedzwa kwefibrin.Fibrinolysis reaction yakatsanangurwa nevamwe vanyori kuti zvigadzirwa zvefibrin degradation (fdp) zvinogona kunge zviri mamorekuru maajenti ane chekuita nekukurudzira kugadziriswa kwetishu.Kutevedzana kwezviitiko zvakakosha zvehupenyu zvisati zvaitika kubva kufibrin deposition uye kubviswa kweangiogenesis, izvo zvinodiwa pakupora maronda.Kuumbwa kwezvivharo mushure mekukuvara kunoshanda sechidziviriro chekudzivirira kuchengetedza mishonga kubva pakurasikirwa kweropa uye kupinda kwehutachiona hwehutachiona, uye inopawo matrix yenguva pfupi iyo masero anogona kutama panguva yekugadzirisa.Iro clot imhaka yekuti fibrinogen iri kutsemurwa ne serine protease, uye maplatelet anounganidzwa mu cross-linked fibrin fiber mesh.Kuita uku kwakakonzera polymerization yefibrin monomer, inova chiitiko chikuru chekuumbwa kweropa.Iyo clot inogonawo kushandiswa sechidzitiro che cytokines uye kukura zvinhu, izvo zvinoburitswa panguva yekuderera kweiyo activated platelet.Iyo fibrinolytic system yakanyatso kudzorwa neplasmin, uye inoita basa rakakosha mukusimudzira kutama kwesero, iyo bioavailability yekukura kwezvinhu uye kudzorwa kwemamwe maprotease masisitimu anobatanidzwa mukuzvimba kwematishu uye kuberekwa patsva.Izvo zvakakosha zvikamu zvefibrinolysis, senge urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) uye plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), inozivikanwa kuratidzwa mu mesenchymal stem masero (MSCs), ari akakosha masero emhando anodiwa kuti abudirire maronda apore. .
Kutama Kwesero
Kushandiswa kweplasminogen kuburikidza nePA uPAR association inzira inokurudzira kutama kwemasero anopisa nokuti inowedzera extracellular proteolysis.Nekuda kwekushaikwa kwetransmembrane uye intracellular domains, uPAR inoda co receptors senge integrin uye vitellin kudzora kufamba kwesero.Yakaratidza zvakare kuti kusungwa kweUPA uPAR kwakaguma nekuwedzera kwekubatana kwePAR ye vitrectonectin uye integrin, iyo yakakurudzira kusungirirwa kwesero.Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) inoita kuti masero abude.Kana ichisungirira kuUPA yeUPA upar integrin complex pane cell surface, inoparadza kudyidzana pakati peupar vitellin uye integrin vitellin.
Muchirevo chemishonga yekudzorerazve, bone marrow mesenchymal stem masero anounganidzwa kubva kumapfupa emapfupa mumamiriro ezvinhu ekukuvadza kwakanyanya kwenhengo, saka vanogona kuwanikwa mukutenderera kwevarwere vane kuputsika kwakawanda.Zvisinei, mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, akadai sekuguma-danho renal kukundikana, kupera kwechiropa kusakundikana, kana panguva yekurambwa mushure mekutapurwa kwemoyo, masero aya anogona kusaonekwa muropa [66].Sezvineiwo, aya marongo emunhu akatorwa mesenchymal (stromal) progenitor masero aisagona kuonekwa muropa revanhu vane hutano [67].Basa rePAR mukuunganidzwa kwemwongo mesenchymal stem masero (BMSCs) rakatsanangurwa kare, izvo zvakafanana nezvakaitika zveUPAR mukuunganidza hematopoietic stem masero (HSCs).Varabaneni et al.Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti kushandiswa kwegranulocyte colony-stimulating factor muPAR inoshaya mbeva kwakakonzera kutadza kweMSC, iyo yakasimbisa zvakare basa rekutsigira refibrinolysis system mukutama kwesero.Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakare zvakaratidza kuti glycosyl phosphatidylinositol anchored uPA receptors inodzora kunamatira, kutama, kuwanda uye kusiyanisa nekuita dzimwe nzira dzechiratidzo chemukati, sezvinotevera: phosphatidylinositol inopona 4,5-diphosphate 3-kinase/Akt uye adhesion pathways1, uye ERK1. (FAK).
Muchirevo cheMSC kuporeswa kweronda, fibrinolytic factor yakaratidza kukosha kwayo.Semuenzaniso, plasminogen isina kukwana mice yakaratidza kunonoka kwakanyanya muzviitiko zvekuporesa maronda, zvichiratidza kuti plasmin yakakosha mukuita uku.Muvanhu, kurasikirwa kweplasmin kunogonawo kukonzera matambudziko ekupora maronda.Kuvhiringidzwa kwekuyerera kweropa kunogona kumisa zvakanyanya kudzoreredzwa kwetishu, izvo zvinotsanangurawo kuti nei nzira idzi dzekuzvarwa patsva dzichinyanya kunetsa kune varwere vane chirwere cheshuga.
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem masero akatorwa kunzvimbo yeronda kuti akurumidze kupora maronda.Pasi pemamiriro akagadzikana, maseru aya airatidza uPAuPAR uye PAI-1.Mapuroteni maviri ekupedzisira ari hypoxia inducible factors α (HIF-1 α) Targeting yakanyatsonaka nokuti HIF-1 muMSCs α Kushandiswa kweFGF-2 neHGF kwakakurudzira up regulation yeFGF-2 neHGF;HIF-2 α Uyewo, VEGF-A [77] inogadziriswa, iyo pamwe chete inobatsira pakupora maronda,.Pamusoro pezvo, HGF inoita seinokwidziridza kutorwa kwemaseru emapfupa mesenchymal stem masero munzvimbo dzemaronda nenzira yekubatana.Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti ischemic uye hypoxic mamiriro akaratidzwa kuti anokanganisa zvakanyanya kugadzirisa maronda.Kunyangwe hazvo maBMSC anowanzo kugara mumatishu anopa yakaderera mazinga eokisijeni, kupona kweakasimwa maBMSC muvivo kunogumira nekuti masero anosimwa anowanzo kufa pasi pemamiriro akashata anocherechedzwa mumatishu akakuvadzwa.Mamiriro ekunamatira uye kurarama kwemapfupa emapfupa mesenchymal stem masero pasi pe hypoxia zvinoenderana nefibrinolytic zvinhu zvakavanzwa nemasero aya.PAI-1 ine hukama hwepamusoro hwe vitellin, saka inogona kukwikwidza kusungwa kwePAR uye integrin kune vitellin, nekudaro ichidzivirira kunamatira kwesero uye kutama.
Monocyte uye Regeneration System
Maererano nemabhuku, kune hurukuro dzakawanda pamusoro pebasa re monocytes mukuporesa maronda.Macrophages anonyanya kubva muropa monocytes uye anoita basa rinokosha mukurapa regenerative [81].Nokuti neutrophils secrete IL-4, IL-1, IL-6 uye TNF- α, Aya masero anowanzopinda mukati mevanga maawa anenge 24-48 mushure mekukuvara.Platelets inoburitsa thrombin uye platelet factor 4 (PF4), iyo inogona kukurudzira kutorwa kwemamonocytes uye kusiyanisa kuita macrophages uye dendritic masero.Chinhu chakakosha che macrophages ndeye plasticity yavo, ndiko kuti, vanogona kushandura phenotypes uye kusiyanisa mune mamwe marudzi emasero, senge endothelial masero, uye obva aratidza mabasa akasiyana kune akasiyana biochemical stimuli mune ronda microenvironment.Masero anoputika anoratidza maviri makuru phenotypes, M1 kana M2, zvichienderana nechiratidzo chemo molecule senzvimbo yekukurudzira.M1 macrophages inokonzerwa ne microbial agents, saka vane mamwe maitiro ekuputika.Kusiyana neizvi, M2 macrophages inowanzogadzirwa nemhando ye2 maitiro uye ine anti-inflammatory properties, inowanzoonekwa nekuwedzera kweIL-4, IL-5, IL-9, uye IL-13.Inobatanidzwawo mukugadzirisa matishu kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinokura.Shanduko kubva kuM1 kuenda kuM2 subtype inonyanya kufambiswa nedanho rekupedzisira rekupora maronda.M1 macrophages inokonzera neutrophil apoptosis uye inotanga kubviswa kwemasero aya).Iyo phagocytosis ye neutrophils inomutsa mutsara wezviitiko, umo kugadzirwa kwe cytokines kunodzimwa, polarizing macrophages uye kuburitsa TGF- β 1. Ichi chinhu chekukura ndicho chinhu chakakosha chekudzora kusiyanisa kwemyofibroblast uye kuputika kweronda, izvo zvinobvumira kugadziriswa kwekuzvimba uye. kutangwa kwechikamu chekuwedzera mukurapa kwekuporesa [57].Imwe mapuroteni ane hukama zvakanyanya anobatanidzwa mumaserura maitiro ndeye serine (SG).Iyi hemopoietic cell secretory granule proteoglycan yakawanikwa ichidikanwa kuchengetedza mapuroteni epachivande mumasero ekudzivirira emuviri, senge mast cells, neutrophils uye cytotoxic T lymphocytes.Kunyange zvazvo masero akawanda asina hematopoietic anogadzirawo plasminogen, masero ose anopisa anobudisa yakawanda yeprotein iyi uye anoichengeta mumagranules kuti awedzere kuwirirana nevamwe vamiririri vanopisa, kusanganisira proteases, cytokines, chemokines uye kukura zvinhu.Cheni dze glycosaminoglycan (GAG) dziri muSG dzinoita kunge dzakakosha pakugadzikana kwemagranules, sezvo dzichikwanisa kusunga nekufambisa kuchengetwa kwezvikamu zvegranular zvakachajiswa musero, protein, uye GAG cheni chaiyo.Nezve kubatanidzwa kwavo mukutsvakurudza kwePRP, Woulfe nevamwe vashandi vakamboratidza kuti kushayikwa kweSG kwakabatana zvikuru neplatelet morphological changes;Platelet factor 4 β- Kukanganisa kwePDGF kuchengetedza mu thromboglobulin uye maplatelet;Kusakwana kweplatelet aggregation uye secretion in vitro uye thrombosis defect in vivo.Saka vatsvakurudzi vakagumisa kuti proteoglycan iyi inoratidzika seyo inonyanya kugadzirisa thrombosis.
Zvigadzirwa zvePlatelet zvakapfuma zvinogona kuwana ropa rese remunhu kuburikidza nekuunganidza uye centrifugation, uye kupatsanura musanganiswa muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvine plasma, maplatelet, masero machena eropa uye masero machena eropa.Kana huwandu hweplatelet hwakwira kupfuura kukosha kwekutanga, hunogona kukurumidza kukura kwebhonzo uye matishu akapfava, aine mashoma mhedzisiro.Iko kushandiswa kweautologous PRP zvigadzirwa ichangoburwa biotechnology, iyo yakaramba ichiratidza tarisiro mhedzisiro mukukurudzira nekusimudzira kuporeswa kweakasiyana matishu kukuvara.Kushanda kweiyi imwe nzira yekurapa kunogona kuve kwakakonzerwa nekuendeswa kwenzvimbo kwakasiyana-siyana kwekukura kwezvinhu uye mapuroteni kutevedzera uye kutsigira physiological ronda kuporesa uye kugadzirisa matishu maitiro.Uye zvakare, fibrinolytic system sezviri pachena ine yakakosha pesvedzero pakugadziriswa kwetishu.Pamusoro pekushandura sero kutorwa kwemasero ekuzvimba uye bhonzo mesenchymal stem masero, inogona zvakare kudzora basa reproteolytic renzvimbo dzekuporesa maronda uye nzira yekuzvarwa patsva yemesodermal tishu, kusanganisira bone, cartilage uye tsandanyama, saka icho chinhu chakakosha mushonga wetsandanyama.
Kukurumidza kuporeswa ndicho chinangwa chinotevedzwa zvakanyanya nenyanzvi dzakawanda munharaunda yekurapa.PRP inomiririra chinhu chakanaka chebiological tool, iyo inoramba ichipa budiriro inovimbisa mukukurudzira uye kurongeka kwekascade yezviitiko zvekuvandudza.Nekudaro, nekuti ichi chishandiso chekurapa chichiri chakaomarara, kunyanya nekuti chinoburitsa zvisingaverengeke bioactive zvinhu uye yavo akasiyana maitirwo ekudyidzana uye masaini ekutapurirana mhedzisiro, kumwe kutsvagisa kunodiwa.
(Zviri muchinyorwa ichi zvakadhindwa patsva, uye isu hatipe chero vimbiso yechokwadi, kuvimbika kana kuzara kwezviri muchinyorwa chino, uye hatina mhosva yemafungiro echinyorwa ichi, ndapota nzwisisa.)
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-16-2022